How reading and writing skills and strategies can support learning in Art Classes Free Essay Example, 1250 words

It is important to develop comprehension strategies that would help struggling readers with reciprocal teaching, think aloud’s, DR TAs, flash cards and so on. Biancarosa (2004) has recommended fifteen elements that would help to improve the middle and high school literacy achievements and these are recommended for arts content areas. The elements are: direct and comprehension instruction; effective instructional principles that are embedded in content; motivation and self directed learning; text based collaborative learning along with strategic tutoring. Other elements are diverse texts; intensive writing; a technology component; continuous formative assessment of students and extended time for literacy. The remaining elements are professional development; ongoing summative assessment of students and programs; teacher’s exams; leadership and a comprehensive and coordinated literacy program. The author has recommended that in arts classes and for tutoring of students with learning disabilities, the program designers can use these elements and flexibly attempt different combinations to find the best program. Any combination needs to have three specific elements such as summative assessment, formative assessment and professional development. Yardley (2000) speaks of new tests and measures being brought into schools for testing of children. We will write a custom essay sample on How reading and writing skills and strategies can support learning in Art Classes or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now The existing standardised tests evoke dread and fear among students and this increases the number of children dropping out. Merrow (2003) speaks of how phonetics or the manner of speaking and pronouncing words needs special methods of teaching and learning. Vacca (2004) speaks of the challenges that teachers face in arts classes when they have to bring students and textbooks together. The author notes that merely expecting students to learn by rote content areas of arts classes is next to impossible. Children, especially those in the lower grades have to be taught to imagine and they have to learn how to think. The socio cultural context for teaching and learning that happens is related to the dynamic interactions that would occur in classroom settings. Students would be able to understand the dynamic interactions that have to take place between the text and the reader and the instructional activities. Slavin (1988) says that simply put, in arts cla sses there is nothing like ‘2+2=4’. Many of the topic areas are imaginative and thee author has instructional strategies to plan the core text lessons along with activities for during, before and after reading activities.

Manifest Destiny and Foreign Policy - 1135 Words

Manifest Destiny and Foreign Policy The term Manifest Destiny, which American writer John L. OSullivan first used in the New York Democratic Review in 1845. , describes what most 19th-Century Americans believed was their God-given mission to expand westward, occupy a continental nation, and extend U.S. constitutional government to unenlightened peoples. The idea was the driving force behind the rapid expansion of America into the West from the East, and it was heavily promoted in newspapers, posters, and through other mediums. While the Manifest Destiny was not itself an official government policy, it had a critical impact on the foreign policy of the U.S. and encouraged Westward colonization, territorial acquisition, and American†¦show more content†¦For example, the Gold Rush attracted an abundance of Americans to strike it rich. James Marshall found gold while working for John Sutter at his ranch in northern California on January 24, 1848. He had been hired to build a mil l for Sutter. This place would enter American lore as Sutters Mill. Word quickly spread through California, the rest of America and eventually the world and people flocked to California to make their fortune. In fact, according to some estimates, the population increased by 86,000 people in two years. Most of these treasure seekers left for California in 1849, hence our name for them: 49ers. Next, the first lucky arrivals were able to find nuggets of gold in the streambeds. These people made quick fortunes. It was a unique time in history where individuals with literally nothing to their name could become extremely wealthy. The gold was free for whoever was lucky enough to find it. It is no surprise that gold fever hit so heavily. Yet the majority of those who made the journey out West were not so lucky. The individuals who became the richest were in fact not these early miners but were instead entrepreneurs who created businesses to support all of the prospectors. However, the Gold Rush reinforced the idea of Manifest Destiny. America was destined to span from Atlantic to Pacific, and the accidental discovery of Gold made California an even more essentialShow MoreRelatedThe Legacy Of The Monroe Doctrine1195 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica saw South and Central America as perfect candidates to extract resources and sell U.S. goods. The culture of capitalism was on the rise. The start of Manifest Destiny began to construct U.S. foreign policy which led to America reaching towards the Caribbean and Latin America to expand. Firstly, If God and mission was the road to Manifest Destiny, Imperialism was the light that shined bright to lead the way (Lubragge). America started off by investing in businesses and land all around Latin AmericaRead MoreThe Evolution of Manifest Destiny831 Words   |  4 PagesDuring the nineteenth century, manifest destiny became a particularly common concept. This idea stated that Americans were destined to expand across the western frontier and the world because the â€Å"superior† Anglo-Saxon race had received God’s divine blessing to do so. The idea first came about during the American Revolution in the 1700s and continued through such events as the Civil War and other nineteenth century conflicts. Americans became involved with Cuba, the Philippines and their turmoilRead MoreAmerican Foreign Policy in World War II Essay examples1626 Words   |  7 Pages Foreign Policy As we approach the next Presidential election the topic of American foreign policy is once again in the spotlight. In this paper, I will examine four major objectives of U.S. foreign policy that have persisted throughout the twentieth century and will discuss the effect of each on our nationamp;#8217;s recent history, with particular focus on key leaders who espoused each objective at various times. In addition, I will relate the effects of American foreign policy objectives, withRead MoreAmerica s Hunger For Land And Power1166 Words   |  5 Pagesarea of foreign expansion at this time. However, by the late nineteenth century and the early twentieth century, United States expansionism looked abroad with new interest, because, as a rising industrial power, the U.S. needed to find foreign markets in which to sell its manufactured products and from which to acquire raw goods. This new age of United States expansionism was a continuation of past expansionism. America s hunger for land and power led it to depart from its original foreign policiesRead MoreA New Form of Expansion Essay803 Words   |  4 Pagesbeing a way of gaining power. For example, the Frontier thesis, conveyed that it is through the expansion of new lands that humanity would continue to progress. Also the United States portrayed its impatience to expand through Manifest Destiny: the desire to expand from sea to sea with the goal to own and cultivate as much land as possible. However, as the late nineteenth and early twentieth century appeared, America experienced a change. It grew from an ambitious, power-seekingRead MoreEssay about American Imperialism936 Words   |  4 Pagesof these Native Americans. The impact of the 1820s and 1830s on American Imperialism is undeniable. Although the military power was not fully there during this time period, their ideals and foreign policy were made known by as early as 1823. The Monroe Document of 1823 is the best known United States policy toward the Western Hemisphere. After Declaring the United States interest of the western hemisphere, it warned Europe to not interfere with any new developing nation. Because the United StatesRead MoreManifest Destiny: Term or Reality Essay1315 Words   |  6 PagesThe three authors that describe Manifest destiny have very different beliefs but all use one person with vastly different views on Manifest Destiny and his beliefs on the term. The person that first used the term in any form of writing was John O’ Sullivan and is accredited with coining the phrase but much of this time had this strong belief in expanding the territory and states of the United States. Their views on this term were different because some believed that the United States should expandRead MoreAmerican Imperialism - Essay997 Words   |  4 Pagesof these Native Americans. The impact of the 1820s and 1830s on American Imperialism is und eniable. Although the military power was not fully there during this time period, their ideals and foreign policy were made known by as early as 1823. The Monroe Document of 1823 is the best known United States policy toward the Western Hemisphere. After Declaring the United States interest of the western hemisphere, it warned Europe to not interfere with any new developing nation. Because the United StatesRead MoreManifest Destiny1327 Words   |  6 PagesManifest Destiny is a term used to describe the reason behind the US expansion into the West. What are the social, political and economical effects of this idea on the people living in the United States colonies and the West? Manifest Destiny is a term coined by John L. Sullivan in 1845 when talking about the annexation of Texas. He believed, along with other expansionists, that it’s inevitable that the US population would spread across North America because the land is given by Providence toRead MoreManifest Destiny Essay1346 Words   |  6 Pagesideas, that would evolve into the American ideology known today as Manifest Destiny. Still, it was not until 1834 that the newspaper editor, John L. OSullivan, is believed to have first coined the phrase â€Å"Manifest Destiny† when he said in his article Annexation, ...our manifest destiny to overspread the continent allotted by Providence for the free development of our yearly multiplying millions (OSullivan 2). Manifest Destiny produced many conflicts, like the Mexican American War, caused the

The Demographic Segmentation

Question: Write an essay on The demographic segmentation of the customers. Answer: The demographic segmentation of the customers is based on the some particular properties such as age, sex, income, marital status, occupation and ethnicity of the customers. It has been observed that travel and tourism organizations of Australia and New Zealand, cosmetic manufacturers and precooked food manufacturers are affected by the demographic trends (Schiffman et al. 2013). The travel and tourism organization of Australia and New Zealand have targeted the most of the people aged between 25-60 years (Hosany and Prayag 2013). The precooked food manufacturer organizations have targeted most of the people aged between 25-35 years (Visschers et al. 2013). The cosmetic organizations have targeted most of the people aged between 20-65 years. Additionally, the requirement of the customers depends on the places where they live or stay. The Baby Boomers or generation X customers have spent half life in United States. The people had born between the tears of 1946 to 1964 (Valentine and Po wers 2013). They are the old people but interested about the places in Australia and New Zealand. Generation Y customers are mostly family person. 60% of the generation Y customers have started their married life and conscious about the family expenses (Sandy et al. 2013). The generation Z people have born between the years of 1995 to 2016 (Newton and Meyer 2013). Those people have started their professional career and passionate about their hobbies. However, those people are not frequently taking vacation tours. However, that group use cosmetic products and eat the precooked foods. Objectives: To understand the demand of the different customers and prepare the products or service as well To understand the impact of age and income of the customers on the business of travel and tourism organizations, precooked food organization and cosmetic organization. Understanding the demography: Details of age demography: As stated by Muruganantham and Bhakat (2013), the travel and tourism companies, precooked food manufacturers and cosmetic brands have faced issues by the Baby Boomers. The Baby Boomers have spent half life in United States. The people had born between the tears of 1946 to 1964. They are the old people but interested about the places in Australia and New Zealand (Vanhonacker et al. 2013). The travel and tourism organization has observed that the Baby Boomers have enjoyed the holiday life very luxuriously along with their grand children. However, the travel and tourism organizations of Australia and New Zealand have observed that the some tourists have stayed alone for their profession purpose. Therefore, the travel and tourism organizations have provided the adventure packages for them. Therefore, the travel and tourism organization have focused on those people. As stated by Solomon et al. (2012), the travel and tourism organizations, cosmetic and precooked food organization have observed that the ratio of youth and the older citizen is 3:1. Therefore, companies have targeted those customer groups for their products and service. As stated by Dolnicar et al. (2013), the travel and tourism industry of Australia and New Zealand has identified the requirements of the tourists and provide services accordingly. The travel and tourism industry has observed that the youth and the elderly travelers love to spend their vacations at popular places such as Victoria Delight, Sydney and Surrounds and Gold Coast. On the other hand, other popular places have been categorized depending on the purpose of visits such as family, romance, individual, adventure, shopping, honeymoon and nature (Parment 2013). The organization has observed that all holiday destinations are suitable for the family segment. On the other hand, the newly married individuals and couples prefer Victoria Delight, Sydney and Surrounds, Ground Pacific Drive, Rotorua, Queenstown, Auckland, Glacier Region, MT Cook and Cairns. However, the honeymoon couples prefer Auckland, Sydney, Cairns, Gold Coast, Rotarua, Queensland, Glacier region and Christchurch (Schif fman et al. 2013). Therefore the travel and tourism industry has implemented the strategy to recommend the most suitable place to the visitors as per their age, income and marital status. Precooked food: On the other hand the precooked food manufacturers have observed that the demand of the precooked foods among the alone professionals are high. Therefore, the precooked food manufacturers have targeted those customers. As stated by Hosany and Prayag (2013), the precooked food manufacturers have observed that the 5% generation Y customers have bought the precooked food from the shops or super market. Therefore, the pre cooked food manufacturers have not considered the requirements of the generation Y customers. Cosmetic products: It has been observed that females are familiar with the cosmetic products rather than males. The cosmetic product manufactures have observed that the demand for cosmetic products begins as early as adolescence and it used by elderly and old individuals. On the other hand, the cosmetic companies have observed that demands of the children are negligible. The cosmetic companies have considered the maximum demands of the people of 18 years to 65 years (Visschers et al. 2013). However, the demands of cosmetic products are high among the age group of 22 to 50 years. On the other hand the demands of the women are higher than the men. As stated by Valentine and Powers (2013), the senior citizens are the larger consumers of the cosmetic products rather than the younger generations. According to the demand graph of the people, the demand of the people increase gradually from the age group of 5 to 12 years and after 60 years the demand decreases. On the other hand the old age dependency has dec reased the demand of the old people. As argued by Sandy et al. (2013), it has been observed that the some old age people are very rich and love to spend their vacation in wonderful holiday destinations. On the other hand some rich old people love to use the costly cosmetic products. Therefore, the age dependency has not created any obstacle on their habits or passion. Impact of income level of the people: As stated by Newton and Meyer (2013), the travel and tourism industry has also considered the financial conditions of the tourists because some holiday packages are expensive. Moreover, services may be altered as they depend on the prices of the packages. It has been observed that some retired individuals are rich and they did not compromise the luxury services such as food, accommodation and transport for money. Therefore organizations in the travel and tourism industry have implemented three different packages such as standard, first class and deluxe so that tourists of different economical groups can choose their packages as per their financial abilities (Muruganantham and Bhakat 2013). It has been observed that some cosmetic products are much expensive than the regular cosmetic products. Surprisingly the elderly customers have used it rather than the young customers. Some old customers have greater financial capability to use some of the exclusive brands of cosmetic products. How ever, the percentage is low, but the cosmetic manufacturers consider these customers in a separate segment. It has been observed that the generation Y customers are mostly family person. 60% of the generation Y customers have started their married life and conscious about the family expenses. On the other hand those people have just started their professional life and tried to fulfill their expectation. They have taken the loan and bough cars (Solomon et al. 2012). Therefore, those customers have maintained tight budget to maintain the family needs. Therefore, the cosmetic companies have observed the financial condition of the y generation customers and implemented the low price cosmetics. However, the travel and tourism organizations have observed that some people are too passionate about the holiday trip (Behe et al. 2013). Due to the tight budget, those people may not afford the holiday packages. Therefore, the travel and tourism companies have implemented the standard holiday package for those customers. As stated by Dolnicar et al. (2013), the demographic segmentation is important for three different industries such as travel and tourism, precooked food and cosmetic industries. It has been observed that the data is easily available. Those organizations have critically observed that age, income, gender, ethnic background and family life cycle of the customers. It has been observed that those companies have focused on different age groups. The travel and tourism organizations have focused on the age group of 20 to 65 years (Parment 2013). The travel and tourism organizations have focused on both male and female customers. On the other hand the cosmetic companies have focused on the age group of 15 to 70 years. However, the cosmetic companies have focused on the female customers rather than male customers. It has been observed that maximum people have earned approximately $50,000 per year (Schiffman et al. 2013). Therefore most people have preferred the standard and first class service from the travel and tourism companies. As argued by Hosany and Prayag (2013), the travel and tourism organizations of Australia and New Zealand, precooked food and cosmetic companies have not considered the tweens group as target customers. The tweens are the children and belong between the age group of 9 to 12 (Visschers et al. 2013). However, the travel and tourism companies have implemented the discounts policy for the tweens. It has been observed that the travel and tourism companies have considered one child and another one is absolutely free. Conclusion: Travel and tourism industry, cosmetic industry and pre cooked food industries of Australia and New Zealand have maintained the demographic segmentation for their business purpose. The organizations have segmented the customers on their age, income and marital status. The travel and tourism industry is focused on the people aged between 25-60 years. The precooked food industry is focused on the people aged between 23-35 years. The cosmetic industry is focused on the customers aged between 15 to 65 years. However, the income status of the customers has affected three industries. It has been observed that the people have earned high income between the age group of 30 to 60 years. After retired, the income level has decreased. However, some rich persons have afforded the deluxe service and costly cosmetics. On the other hand the middle income people have afforded the standard and first class services and general cosmetic products after their retired life. Reference list: Behe, B.K., Campbell, B.L., Hall, C.R., Khachatryan, H., Dennis, J.H. and Yue, C., 2013. Consumer preferences for local and sustainable plant production characteristics.HortScience,48(2), pp.200-208. Dolnicar, S., Lazarevski, K. and Yanamandram, V., 2013. Quality of life and tourism: a conceptual framework and novel segmentation base.Journal of Business Research,66(6), pp.724-729. Hosany, S. and Prayag, G., 2013. Patterns of tourists' emotional responses, satisfaction, and intention to recommend.Journal of Business Research,66(6), pp.730-737. Muruganantham, G. and Bhakat, R.S., 2013. A review of impulse buying behavior.International Journal of Marketing Studies,5(3), p.149. Newton, P. and Meyer, D., 2013. Exploring the attitudes-action gap in household resource consumption: Does environmental lifestyle segmentation align with consumer behaviour?.Sustainability,5(3), pp.1211-1233. Parment, A., 2013. Generation Y vs. Baby Boomers: Shopping behavior, buyer involvement and implications for retailing.Journal of Retailing Sandy, C.J., Gosling, S.D. and Durant, J., 2013. Predicting consumer behavior and media preferences: The comparative validity of personality traits and demographic variables.Psychology Marketing,30(11), pp.937-949. Schiffman, L., O'Cass, A., Paladino, A. and Carlson, J., 2013.Consumer behaviour. Pearson Higher Education AU. Solomon, M., Russell-Bennett, R. and Previte, J., 2012.Consumer behaviour. Pearson Higher Education AU. Valentine, D. and Powers, T., 2013. Generation Y values and lifestyle segments.Journal of consumer marketing,30(7), pp.597-606. Vanhonacker, F., Van Loo, E.J., Gellynck, X. and Verbeke, W., 2013. Flemish consumer attitudes towards more sustainable food choices.Appetite,62, pp.7-16. Visschers, V.H., Hartmann, C., Leins-Hess, R., Dohle, S. and Siegrist, M., 2013. A consumer segmentation of nutrition information use and its relation to food consumption behaviour.Food Policy,42, pp.71-80.

Memory free essay sample

Araki is a japanese photographer and contemporary artist who was born on May 25, 1940. Araki worked in an advertising agency called â€Å"Dentsu† and on the year 2005 he had published over 350 book. He is still creating numerous more books every year and is regarded as one of the most creative artists in Japan and many more countries around the world. The specific artwork that will be analyzed is a series of photographs, â€Å"The days we were happy† which was created on 1972. Each photographs are paper print that are the size of 1014. 5 cm each. Three of the photographs I selected from the series, â€Å"The days we were happy† display images of a television, a woman cooking, and an old man. The three specific photographs are captured in an old and ripped photograph. Nobuyoshi Araki most certainly comments on the idea of memory as the title, â€Å"The days we were happy† is obviously talking about the past. We will write a custom essay sample on Memory or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page All the photographs are black and white, therefore stressing the fact that these images are old and from the past. The first image that will be discussed is the television that looks like from the 40s to 50s era. This televison could have been Araki’s family television and one of the technologies he prized the most as it could be wear he would watch his shows at a young age all together with his family. The second image is of a woman cooking, which could possibly be his mother. Araki may have missed what his mother had cooked for him in the past when he was a child. The third image is of an old man who could have been is father or grandfather. The man in the image is shown with a huge smile on his face, which probably showed how much Araki missed the laughter this man gave to him. These images are all of what he missed and what made him happiest the most. The most important part of these photographs are the fact that they are all torn and dirty. The symbolism in this action of ripping the photographs, communicate upon how a photograph captures a specific moment in time yet a photograph also can easily be destroyed as it is just a piece of paper. This photograph can not bring back the happy days in his life as they are just in the past and stuck in that specific print of paper. It truly shows how much Araki misses these special moment in his past that he probably can’t bring back to the present and experience again.